Gramática: La Voz Pasiva
En inglés utilizamos mucho la voz pasiva, o quizás debería decir que ¡la voz pasiva se utilizan mucho en inglés! Es más, hacer transformaciones de la voz activa a la voz pasiva es uno de los favoritos de casi todos los examinadores. Así que, sea cual sea el examen al que te presentes, tienes que saber cómo formar la pasiva y también cuándo usarla. Hay una explicación completa en nuestra sección de Referencia Gramatical, pero aquí tienes un rápido recordatorio de la gramática.
Transformaciones: De voz activa a voz pasiva
Vamos a hacer estos ejercicios de práctica a la antigua usanza: ¡escribiendo! Así que coge papel y bolígrafo o abre un documento nuevo en tu ordenador. (Las respuestas están al final de la página).
Voz pasiva: Ejercicio 1
Cambia estas frases activas a pasivas. Ten cuidado con los tiempos verbales y omite el agente si no nos da ninguna información útil. Mira este ejemplo:
They took the boy to hospital.
The boy was taken to hospital. («by them» no nos daría ninguna información útil.)
- Someone drove me home.
- They had eaten all the cakes.
- They grow rice in Andalusia.
- The BBC is going to film me.
- Cervantes wrote Don Quijote.
- I think this season finale will surprise you.
- They were showing Toy Story at the Rialto Cinema last week.
- Next week they’re showing The Godfather at my local cinema.
- You said they would invite me to the party.
- Someone’s stolen my bag!
Voz pasiva: Ejercicio 2
Ahora sigue la tabla de transformación a la inversa para cambiar estas oraciones pasivas en activas. Aquí tienes un ejemplo:
- The cat was being chased by the dog.
- Smoking in bars has been banned by the European Union.
- Many buildings were destroyed by the earthquake.
- Dogs are sometimes abandoned by their owners.
- Oranges are grown by many Spanish farmers.
Voz pasiva: Ejercicio 3
Como hemos explicado en la Referencia Gramatical, algunas frases tienen dos objetos y dos formas de transformarlos. Todo depende de qué objeto nos interese más.
Fíjate en esta frase: They will give John a prize.
John will be given a prize. (Aquí estamos más interesados en John.)
A prize will be given to John. (Aquí estamos más interesados en el premio.)
Escribe dos oraciones pasivas para cada ejemplo, y omite el agente si no nos da ninguna información útil.
- They gave John a book.
- Someone has offered John a scholarship.
- The school is going to present John with a trophy.
Voz pasiva: Ejercicio 4
Por último, vamos a practicar las transformaciones de las preguntas. Algunas son de activa a pasiva y otras de pasiva a activa. Mira estos ejemplos:
Did JK Rowling write Harry Potter?
Was Harry Potter written by JK Rowling?
Were the students told about the exam?
Did someone tell the students about the exam?
- Have they discovered a cure for Covid 19 yet?
- Should masks be worn in the street?
- When will they vaccinate me?
- Do they test the vaccine on animals?
- When were the results sent?
Puedes encontrar más prácticas de uso de la pasiva en el ‘Have Something Done’.
Y echa un vistazo a todos los ejercicios de gramática y vocabulario en nuestra Guía.
Answers: Exercise 1
- I was driven home.
- The cakes had all been eaten.
- Rice is grown in Andalusia.
- I’m going to be filmed by the BBC.
- Don Quijote was written by Cervantes.
- I think you’ll be surprised by this season finale.
- Toy Story was being shown at the Rialto Cinema last week.
- The Godfather is being shown at my local cinema next week.
- You said I would be invited to the party.
- My bag’s been stolen!
Answers: Exercise 2
- The dog was chasing the cat.
- The European Union has banned smoking in bars.
- The earthquake destroyed many buildings.
- Owners sometimes abandon their dogs.
- Many Spanish farmers grow oranges.
Answers: Exercise 3
- John was given a book. / A book was given to John.
- John has been offered a scholarship. / A scholarship has been offered to John.
- John is going to be presented with a trophy by the school. / A trophy is going to be presented to John by the school.
Answers: Exercise 4
- Has a cure for Covid 19 been discovered yet?
- Should people wear masks in the street?
- When will I be vaccinated?
- Is the vaccine tested on animals?
- When did they send the results?