Aptis ESOL for Teachers: Test de Gramática 4

although & despite have similar meanings, but only despite (and in spite of) can be followed by verb+ing

Only the conditional would works here

We use at with time expressions that signify change: at the beginning of May / at the turn of the century etc

by tells us this is a passive construction (present passive: is/are + past particple)

We use neither /nor + the auxiliary do to agree with negative statements

We use at with special festive periods of more than one day (compare with on Christmas Day)

admit is followed by verb+ing or a clause

This is an indirect yes/no question, so we need if/whether, and subject & verb are inverted

prepositions are always followed by verb+ing

before can be followed by verb+ing or a clause (Before he taught here ...)

the order is adjective + enough, but enough + noun

because of / due to / during

In exclamations we use how + adjective an what (a) + noun

3rd conditional: would (could, might) + have + past participle / if + past perfect

We don't use an article when speaking generally

already means earlier than expected, in a short time, or before now; yet is for questions and negatives

as means because here

2nd conditional: if + past simple / would (could, might) + infinitive; to make sense we need the negative wouldn't

Only the preposition by works here (on or before that time); due to means because of, and at is never followed by days

to be used to +verb+ing means to be accustomed to (and it's always used); used to + infinitive is for past repeated actions or states (and it's use in negatives & questions)

even though means the same as however, but the use is different: I was tired. However, I continued marking. (Because wouldn't make sense here)

Modal verbs are never followed by (not) to

We tell someone something, but say something to someone

This is a phrasal verb, and prepositions are always followed by verb+ing

We use present continuous for plans arranged with someone else